The flag of Iraq features three horizontal stripes of equal width: red, white, and black from top to bottom. The white stripe centers a takbir, an Arabic phrase meaning “God is the Greatest.” The green Kufic script writes it.

The colors hold symbolic significance: red symbolizes the courage and valor of the Iraqi people, white represents the bright future and peace, and black stands for the dark days of oppression under Saddam Hussein’s regime. The addition of the takbir in green signifies Islam, the dominant religion in Iraq. Adopted in 2008, the flag reflects Iraq’s cultural heritage, religious identity, and aspirations for a peaceful future.